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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

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Development and Initial Evaluation of 3D-printed High Resolution Brain Phantom for PET.

Cynthia Lo1, Ekaterina Shanina2, Paul Gravel3

  • 1Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

New HYDRA-OL phantoms offer high anatomical fidelity for advanced PET imaging. These 3D-printed brain models enable precise evaluation of spatial resolution and contrast in next-generation PET systems.

Keywords:
3D printedbrain PEThigh-resolutionphantom

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Radiological Physics

Background:

  • Existing brain phantoms lack the anatomical detail needed for high-resolution PET systems.
  • Next-generation PET scanners require phantoms with superior fidelity for accurate performance assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the HYDRA-OL phantom for high-resolution brain PET imaging.
  • To enable accurate assessment of spatial resolution and gray/white matter contrast.

Main Methods:

  • Developed HYDRA-OL phantoms using 3D printing based on the BigBrain atlas.
  • Created gray matter only (HYDRA-OLG) and gray/white matter (HYDRA-OLGW) versions.
  • Validated anatomical accuracy with CT and assessed spatial resolution on four PET systems.

Main Results:

  • HYDRA-OL phantoms demonstrated precise anatomical fidelity and repositioning accuracy.
  • NeuroEXPLORER (NX) and Focus220 PET systems showed superior spatial resolution.
  • Successfully generated variable gray matter:white matter contrast ratios (4:1, 2:1, 4:3).

Conclusions:

  • The HYDRA phantom platform accurately represents human brain anatomy for PET imaging.
  • This versatile tool is ideal for evaluating image resolution and optimizing reconstruction for advanced PET systems.