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Clinical Manifestations.

Yun Cai1, Rebecca West1, Sharon Sanz Simon1

  • 1Herbert and Jacqueline Krieger Klein Alzheimer's Research Center at Rutgers Brain Health Institute, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recruiting South Asian and Middle Eastern/North African (MENA) individuals for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) research presents challenges. The SAMENA Cohort study aims to address this gap by developing culturally tailored strategies for better representation in ADRD research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Significant underrepresentation of South Asian and Middle Eastern/North African (MENA) populations in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) research.
  • Evidence suggests disparities in ADRD risk factors, protective factors, and biomarker profiles across different racial and ethnic groups.
  • The SAMENA Cohort aims to address this gap by collecting longitudinal data from offspring of ADRD patients in these underrepresented communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To recruit participants from South Asian and MENA communities for ADRD research.
  • To gather comprehensive, longitudinal data on ADRD risk and protective factors.
  • To inform the development of tailored prevention and treatment strategies for these populations.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-pronged recruitment strategies including community outreach (radio, TV, health camps), social media, partnerships with community leaders and organizations, and leveraging university networks.
  • Collaboration with recruitment companies for digital advertising and medical record mining.
  • Screening and enrollment of participants into the SAMENA Cohort.

Main Results:

  • Over six months, approximately 300 individuals contacted the study; 90% were ineligible due to race/ethnicity.
  • 12 participants were enrolled (8 South Asian, 4 MENA), aged 45-64, with 6 females and 8 holding advanced degrees.
  • Enrolled participants exhibited normal baseline cognitive function (MoCA mean=28.4, SD=1.5).

Conclusions:

  • Initial recruitment faced significant challenges in reaching target South Asian and MENA populations.
  • Further research is needed to identify and refine culturally tailored recruitment strategies by engaging diverse stakeholders.
  • Expanding recruitment criteria to include individuals with other dementia risk factors (e.g., obesity, diabetes, hypertension) may be beneficial.