Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

516
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
516
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

295
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
295
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

358
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
358
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

430
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
430
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management

647
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
647
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

433
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
433

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

KDIGO Life Cycle of Guideline Development Series Part 5: Guideline updates and a living model for the future.

Kidney international·2026
Same author

KDIGO Life Cycle of Guideline Development Series Part 6: Bridging the Gap between Guidelines and Clinical Practice: The KDIGO Approach to Global Implementation and Education in Nephrology.

Kidney international·2026
Same author

Cardiorenal Syndrome and Depressive Symptoms: Exploring the Mood-Kidney Link With Heart Failure Risk in a Post-hoc Analysis of SPRINT.

Kidney medicine·2026
Same author

A comprehensive review on chemical structure, quality control, pharmacological effects, and structure-activity relationship of saponins from Zhuzishen ().

Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan·2026
Same author

Clinical Characteristics and Long-Term Outcomes of Patients With Fibrosing Mediastinitis: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

JACC. Asia·2026
Same author

Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) life cycle of guideline development series: part 2: from initiation to publication: the KDIGO guideline development process.

Kidney international·2026
Same journal

Breaking barriers: Enhancing access to dementia clinical trials in the United Kingdom-Insights from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Dame Barbara Windsor Dementia Goals Programme.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Unveiling the procoagulant state in Alzheimer's disease: A novel PET imaging strategy.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Estimated labor market outcomes of people progressing from preclinical to early-stage Alzheimer's disease in the United States.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Amyloid exacerbates tau and alpha-synuclein pathologies, behavioral impairments, and neuroinflammation in a mixed dementia model.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Multimorbidity burden and patterns associated with DeepBrainNet-derived brain-age gap in dementia-free older adults: A community-based study.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Reply to "Shifting the emphasis of brain health literacy from individuals to systems to reduce inequalities".

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
07:50

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

Published on: September 20, 2018

16.4K

Clinical Manifestations.

Amara Sarwal1, Ravinder Singh1, Guo Wei1

  • 1University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Liraglutide use in type 2 diabetes patients was associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia compared to semaglutide. Liraglutide also demonstrated a reduced risk of death versus other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.

More Related Videos

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
04:44

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

20.7K
Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling
09:08

Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling

Published on: October 14, 2021

6.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
07:50

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

Published on: September 20, 2018

16.4K
Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
04:44

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

20.7K
Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling
09:08

Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling

Published on: October 14, 2021

6.1K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) like liraglutide, semaglutide, and dulaglutide are key in type 2 diabetes (T2D) management.
  • Emerging evidence suggests GLP-1RA use may lower dementia risk, but intra-class differences require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) among patients with T2D initiating liraglutide, semaglutide, or dulaglutide.
  • To evaluate the association between these GLP-1RA and mortality risk.

Main Methods:

  • An active comparator, new-user design study included 21,173 T2D veterans initiating liraglutide, semaglutide, or dulaglutide.
  • Generalized propensity score inverse probability weighting (IPW) controlled for confounding.
  • IPW Cox models assessed the risk of AD/ADRD, death, and a composite outcome.

Main Results:

  • Liraglutide showed a lower risk of AD/ADRD compared to semaglutide (HR 0.68) and a similar risk to dulaglutide.
  • Semaglutide exhibited a higher risk of AD/ADRD compared to dulaglutide (HR 1.32).
  • Liraglutide was associated with the lowest risk of all-cause death and the composite AD/ADRD/death outcome.

Conclusions:

  • Liraglutide demonstrated a reduced risk of AD/ADRD compared to semaglutide and a lower mortality risk than other GLP-1RA studied.
  • Dulaglutide showed similar AD/ADRD risk to liraglutide, but without a significant mortality benefit.