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Clinical Manifestations.

Gabriela Dos Santos1, Thais Bento Lima-Silva1,2, Tiago Nascimento Ordonez1

  • 1Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) in older adults is linked to depressive and anxious symptoms. Early mental health interventions may be crucial for those experiencing SCD, especially in developing nations.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Rising cognitive decline and dementia cases in developing countries are a significant concern.
  • Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) may represent a preclinical stage of mild cognitive impairment.
  • Limited research exists on SCD prevalence and standardized assessment in developing nations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), cognitive performance, and mood variables in older adults.
  • To explore potential links between mood disorders and self-perceived cognitive decline.
  • To assess cognitive function and mood symptoms in a community-dwelling older adult population.

Main Methods:

  • 207 older adults were assessed using the Cognitive Function Instrument (CFI) for SCD.
  • Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Addenbrooke´s Cognitive Examination- Revised (ACE-R).
  • Depressive and anxious symptoms were measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale - 15 (GDS15) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21).

Main Results:

  • Participants with SCD showed higher scores on the DASS-21 and GDS15 compared to those without SCD.
  • Logistic regression revealed a significant association between higher GDS15 scores and increased odds of belonging to the SCD group.
  • While cognitive performance on the ACE-R was similar, differences were noted in the visuospatial subscale and retirement status.

Conclusions:

  • Depressive and anxious symptoms appear to be associated with Subjective Cognitive Decline in older adults.
  • These findings underscore the potential importance of mental health interventions for individuals experiencing SCD.
  • Further research is needed to understand the role of mood in preclinical cognitive decline.