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Clinical Manifestations.

Teresa Parrao1,2, Rodrigo Saguez2,3, Daniela Thumala2,4

  • 1Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Santiago, Chile.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sociocultural factors like gender, education, and age significantly impact functional ability assessments in older adults. Careful interpretation of responses is crucial to avoid misclassifying cognitive impairment.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Functional ability is a key indicator of cognitive health, differentiating between cognitively unimpaired aging, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia.
  • Sociocultural factors (gender, education, age) influence participation in daily activities, complicating functional assessments.
  • The Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire-Technologies (T-ADLQ) assesses instrumental, basic, and advanced activities of daily living, including a 'Never did/Don't know' (ND/DK) response option that may indicate disparities unrelated to cognitive status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the influence of sociocultural factors on functional ability assessments using the T-ADLQ.
  • To investigate how gender, education, and age affect the 'Never did/Don't know' (ND/DK) response rates in older adults.
  • To determine the need for culturally sensitive interpretation of functional assessments in cognitive aging.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ND/DK responses from the GERO cohort, a prospective study of 291 dementia-free older adults (≥70 years) in Santiago, Chile.
  • Assessment of cognitive, functional, psychosocial, and medical factors over a three-year period.
  • Statistical comparison of ND/DK response distributions across gender, education, and age groups using tests for equality of proportions.

Main Results:

  • Men reported higher ND/DK rates for household tasks (cooking, laundry, housekeeping, pill management) compared to women.
  • Women showed higher ND/DK rates for home repairs, employment, driving, and ATM usage.
  • Lower education (<6 years) correlated with higher ND/DK rates in financial management, driving, and technology use.
  • Older age (≥80 years) was associated with higher ND/DK rates in home maintenance, mobile phone use, and internet access.

Conclusions:

  • Sociocultural factors significantly influence functional ability assessments, revealing disparities based on gender, education, and age.
  • The 'Never did/Don't know' (ND/DK) responses require careful interpretation to prevent misclassification of functional impairment in cognitive aging evaluations.
  • Assessment tools must be improved to account for sociocultural variations for more accurate cognitive health evaluations.