Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preclinical Development: Overview01:28

Preclinical Development: Overview

5.7K
Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...
5.7K
Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

4.5K
Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
4.5K
Drug Discovery: Overview01:26

Drug Discovery: Overview

10.9K
Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
10.9K
Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview01:26

Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview

1.1K
Drugs, the chemical agents used in diagnosing, treating, or preventing diseases, undergo a four-phase process of development: pharmaceutic, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic.
The pharmaceutical phase focuses on leveraging the physicochemical properties of the drug to design and manufacture an effective product. Variants include orally administered tablets or capsules, topical creams or ointments, and parenteral-delivery solutions or emulsions.
The pharmacokinetic phase...
1.1K
In Vitro Drug Release Testing: Overview, Development and Validation01:10

In Vitro Drug Release Testing: Overview, Development and Validation

269
In vitro dissolution and drug release tests assess how quickly and how much of a drug is released from its dosage form into an aqueous medium under standardized laboratory conditions. These tests are essential tools in pharmaceutical development and quality assurance, offering insight into the drug's performance before clinical use.During formulation development, dissolution testing identifies incomplete or inconsistent drug release issues. It also supports decisions on selecting the optimal...
269
Drug Regulation01:25

Drug Regulation

2.7K
Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Molecular Characterization of the Progressive Landscape of Depression.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Re-thinking neuropeptide therapeutics: What Neuropeptide Y and Galanin teach us about stress, resilience, and drug design.

Neuropeptides·2026
Same author

Region-dependent differences in tonic inhibition underlie epileptic features in Angelman syndrome model mice.

Epilepsia·2026
Same author

The α5-Containing GABA<sub>A</sub> Receptor as a Target for Disorders of Altered Dendritic Inhibition.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same author

Prevention of microglial activation and postoperative cognitive deficits by positive allosteric modulation of α5-GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors.

British journal of pharmacology·2026
Same author

Influences of subtle NMDA receptor blockade and allosteric modulation of α5 GABAA receptors on reward-related impulsivity in rats.

Psychopharmacology·2026
Same journal

Unveiling the procoagulant state in Alzheimer's disease: A novel PET imaging strategy.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Estimated labor market outcomes of people progressing from preclinical to early-stage Alzheimer's disease in the United States.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Amyloid exacerbates tau and alpha-synuclein pathologies, behavioral impairments, and neuroinflammation in a mixed dementia model.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Multimorbidity burden and patterns associated with DeepBrainNet-derived brain-age gap in dementia-free older adults: A community-based study.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Reply to "Shifting the emphasis of brain health literacy from individuals to systems to reduce inequalities".

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Shifting the emphasis of brain health literacy from individuals to systems to reduce inequalities.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System
05:10

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

Published on: December 11, 2016

10.1K

Drug Development.

Jingxin Chen1, Carla Elena Mezo-Gonzalez1, Michael D Marcotte1

  • 1Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Positive allosteric modulation of alpha5-GABAARs by GL-II-73 improved cognitive function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's Disease. These findings confirm the drug's mechanism of action via the benzodiazepine-binding site.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Three-Dimensional Sprouting Assay of Angiogenesis Using Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Vascular Disease Modeling and Drug Testing
08:04

In Vitro Three-Dimensional Sprouting Assay of Angiogenesis Using Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Vascular Disease Modeling and Drug Testing

Published on: May 11, 2021

3.3K
Developmental Toxicity Assay Based on Real-Time Monitoring of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signal Disruption in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
05:45

Developmental Toxicity Assay Based on Real-Time Monitoring of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signal Disruption in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: October 10, 2025

446

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System
05:10

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

Published on: December 11, 2016

10.1K
In Vitro Three-Dimensional Sprouting Assay of Angiogenesis Using Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Vascular Disease Modeling and Drug Testing
08:04

In Vitro Three-Dimensional Sprouting Assay of Angiogenesis Using Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Vascular Disease Modeling and Drug Testing

Published on: May 11, 2021

3.3K
Developmental Toxicity Assay Based on Real-Time Monitoring of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signal Disruption in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
05:45

Developmental Toxicity Assay Based on Real-Time Monitoring of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signal Disruption in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: October 10, 2025

446

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's Disease (AD) lacks effective treatments.
  • Alpha5-containing GABAA receptors (α5-GABAARs) are crucial for cognitive function and a therapeutic target.
  • GL-II-73, an α5-GABAAR modulator, showed potential in preclinical models, but its precise mechanism required validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the necessity of positive allosteric modulation of α5-GABAARs by GL-II-73 for cognitive function regulation.
  • To investigate GL-II-73's mechanism of action in a double transgenic mouse model of AD.

Main Methods:

  • Generated double transgenic mice (5xFAD x α5-KI) exhibiting amyloid pathology and drug-insensitive α5-GABAARs.
  • Administered GL-II-73 (30 mg/kg) for three weeks to double transgenic mice and wild-type littermates.
  • Assessed working memory and spatial cognition using Y-maze and Morris Water Maze tasks.

Main Results:

  • Drug-sensitive mice treated with GL-II-73 exhibited improved performance in both working memory and spatial cognition tasks.
  • No cognitive improvements were observed in drug-insensitive mice treated with GL-II-73, despite similar amyloid pathology.

Conclusions:

  • The cognitive-enhancing effects of GL-II-73 are mediated by allosteric modulation of the benzodiazepine-binding site of α5-GABAARs.
  • This study confirms the therapeutic potential of targeting α5-GABAARs for improving cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's Disease.