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Clinical Manifestations.

Xin Ma1, Ming Zhang2, Yaonan Zheng3,4

  • 1Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, Beijing, China.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study differentiates Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) from Alzheimer's disease (AD) using cognitive tests. A diagnostic model incorporating Geriatric Depression Inventory scores accurately distinguishes between these neurodegenerative conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Geriatric Medicine

Background:

  • Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) present similar cognitive symptoms, complicating diagnosis.
  • Accurate differentiation is crucial for effective treatment and patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare cognitive impairments in DLB and AD patients.
  • To identify specific cognitive assessments that can reliably distinguish between DLB and AD.

Main Methods:

  • 159 participants (DLB, AD, and normal controls) underwent neuropsychological testing using the Chinese Neuropsychological Normative (CN-NORM) Project - Consensus Battery (CNCB).
  • Binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed to identify differentiating cognitive variables and assess diagnostic accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Both DLB and AD groups showed significant cognitive deficits compared to normal controls across all domains.
  • DLB patients exhibited higher depression scores but worse performance in attention, executive function, visuospatial, and social cognition tasks compared to AD patients.
  • AD patients demonstrated poorer memory function. A model using Geriatric Depression Inventory, Hong Kong Brief Cognitive Test, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, and Judgment of Line Orientation Test achieved high diagnostic accuracy (AUC=0.923) for differentiating DLB from AD.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct cognitive profiles exist for DLB and AD.
  • A validated diagnostic model using specific cognitive tests can improve the differential diagnosis between DLB and AD.
  • These findings offer a practical tool to aid clinicians in distinguishing these neurodegenerative diseases.