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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Peiwei Liu1, Jacinda Taggett1, Theresa M Harrison1

  • 1University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers like amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau PET are linked to cognition, but associations are weaker in diverse U.S. POINTER study compared to ADNI. Cortical thickness also shows a tau-independent role in cognition, particularly in ADNI.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by links between cognition, tau pathology, and neurodegeneration.
  • The U.S. POINTER study, a diverse cohort at high cardiovascular risk, shows tau PET is more closely linked to cognition than in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).
  • Differences in biomarker-cognition relationships between ADNI and POINTER warrant further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore differences in cross-sectional relationships between AD biomarkers, cortical thickness, and cognitive domains in the U.S. POINTER and ADNI cohorts.
  • To compare how amyloid-beta (Aβ) PET, tau PET, and cortical thickness associate with verbal memory, executive function, and global cognition in distinct study populations.

Main Methods:

  • Matched participants from U.S. POINTER (N=775) and ADNI (N=405) by age, sex, clinical status, and APOE4 genotype.
  • Examined associations between baseline Aβ PET, tau PET (MK6240 in POINTER, FTP in ADNI), regional cortical thickness, and cognitive performance (verbal memory, executive function, global cognition).
  • Controlled for age, sex, and education in all analyses.

Main Results:

  • In ADNI, Aβ burden correlated with worse executive function and global cognition, but not memory; no such association was found in POINTER.
  • Among Aβ-positive individuals, tau burden was linked to poorer performance across domains in ADNI, but only to poorer verbal memory in POINTER.
  • Stronger positive associations between cortical thickness and executive function/global cognition were observed in ADNI, independent of tau, suggesting a tau-independent role of thickness.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive performance associations with Aβ, tau, and cortical thickness were consistently stronger in ADNI than in POINTER, especially in Aβ-positive individuals.
  • Cortical thickness independently contributes to cognitive function, irrespective of tau levels, particularly in the ADNI cohort.
  • Findings suggest that commonly reported AD biomarker associations may be attenuated in heterogeneous, community-recruited cohorts like U.S. POINTER.