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Clinical Manifestations.

Celine N Sakran1,2, Juan-Camilo Vargas-González3,4, Nico Paulo Dimal3,4

  • 1Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Agitation presents differently in males and females with Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) syndromes. Males, particularly those with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), experience a wider range of neuropsychiatric symptoms alongside agitation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Agitation is a significant symptom of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD).
  • Understanding agitation across Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) syndromes is crucial.
  • Sex differences in agitation and associated neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in FTLD are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate sex differences in agitation across FTLD-related syndromes.
  • Examine the relationship between agitation and various NPS in males and females with FTLD.
  • Identify specific NPS comorbidities associated with agitation in different FTLD subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1,654 participants from NACC and ALLFTD studies with FTLD syndromes.
  • Assessment of symptoms using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI).
  • Computation of prevalence and odds ratios, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify sex-based variations in NPS associated with agitation.

Main Results:

  • Males with agitation showed higher likelihoods of anxiety, apathy, depression, disinhibition, and motor symptoms across FTLD subtypes.
  • Females with semantic variant Primary Progressive Aphasia (svPPA) had a higher likelihood of disinhibition when agitated.
  • Agitation was associated with a broader spectrum of NPS in males compared to females, especially in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP).

Conclusions:

  • Significant sex differences exist in NPS associated with agitation in FTLD syndromes.
  • Males, particularly those with PSP, exhibit a wider range of NPS when agitated.
  • Further research is needed to understand the neurobiological mechanisms driving these sex differences and improve clinical management.