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Clinical Manifestations.

Christine Gagnon1, Manuel Montero-Odasso2,3, Guangyong Zou4,5

  • 1Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with mild cognitive impairment who responded to cognitive and physical training interventions had better baseline global cognition and executive functions. Tailoring interventions based on initial cognitive status may improve outcomes for mild cognitive impairment patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Non-pharmacological interventions like physical and cognitive training are explored for mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  • The SYNERGIC trial indicated combined physical and cognitive training yields greater cognitive gains than single interventions or active control.
  • Understanding cognitive differences between responders and non-responders to these interventions is crucial for personalized treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare baseline cognitive profiles of individuals who responded versus those who did not respond to physical exercise training alone or combined with cognitive training.
  • To identify cognitive characteristics associated with treatment response in mild cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

  • 143 participants with MCI from the SYNERGIC trial were analyzed based on their response to a 6-month intervention.
  • Responders showed improved cognition (negative change in ADAS-Cog-13), while non-responders showed no improvement or decline.
  • Baseline cognitive performance was assessed using composite z-scores for global cognition, memory, processing speed, working memory, and executive functions.

Main Results:

  • Overall, responders exhibited significantly better baseline global cognition and executive functions compared to non-responders.
  • The proportion of responders varied across intervention groups: Combined (75%), Physical alone (61%), and Active control (44%).
  • In the combined intervention, responders showed superior baseline global cognition and working memory; in the active control, responders had better processing speed.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct baseline cognitive profiles differentiate responders from non-responders to non-pharmacological interventions in mild cognitive impairment.
  • These findings support the need for individualized cognitive and physical training programs tailored to a patient's baseline cognitive condition.
  • Personalized interventions may optimize treatment efficacy for individuals with mild cognitive impairment.