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Clinical Manifestations.

Sana Rehan1, Fereshteh Mehrabi1, Paul Mick2

  • 1Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychosocial factors significantly impact how sensory loss affects cognition, especially in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Poor mental health can worsen the link between sensory deficits and cognitive decline in individuals with MCI.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Sensory and psychosocial factors are potential modifiable risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Sensory impairment can lead to communication difficulties, reduced social engagement, and accelerated cognitive decline.
  • Existing research links mental health indicators to cognitive performance and AD risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize sensory and psychosocial function in individuals with cognitive impairment (controls, mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and mild AD).
  • To test if psychosocial factors and diagnostic group membership moderate the relationship between sensory function and cognitive performance.

Main Methods:

  • Data from the COMPASS-ND study (N=622) assessed sensory (hearing, vision), psychosocial (depression, anxiety, quality of life, social support, isolation), and cognitive function.
  • Participants included cognitively normal controls, individuals with MCI, and individuals with mild AD.
  • Correlation and moderated moderation analyses examined interactions between sensory, psychosocial, and cognitive measures across diagnostic groups.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with MCI and AD exhibited higher prevalence of hearing loss and reduced contrast sensitivity compared to controls.
  • MCI and AD groups reported worse psychosocial function and reduced social engagement.
  • Poor psychosocial function amplified the sensory-cognitive association in individuals with MCI.

Conclusions:

  • Psychosocial function differentially moderates the sensory-cognitive relationship across diagnostic groups.
  • The link between sensory loss and cognitive function is strongest at low levels of psychosocial function in individuals with MCI.
  • Understanding these sensory-psychosocial-cognitive interactions is crucial for addressing cognitive decline.