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Clinical Manifestations.

Beatriz Figueiredo E Silva1,2,3, Luiz Alves Ferreira Júnior1,2, Jéssica Diniz Ferreira1,2,4

  • 1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

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Summary

A new social cognition assessment tool was developed for Brazilian older adults, showing good comprehension but requiring clarity improvements. The tool showed better performance on cognitive tasks than on faux-pas tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Social cognition involves interpreting social and emotional cues for appropriate responses.
  • A significant gap exists in Brazil for social cognition assessment tools tailored to older adults.
  • Existing tools often lack cultural and demographic relevance for the Brazilian elderly population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and adapt a social cognition assessment tool specifically for Brazilian older adults.
  • To gather content validity evidence through expert review and quantitative measures (CVI).
  • To conduct a pilot study to assess the instrument's feasibility and initial performance in the target population.

Main Methods:

  • Instrument development based on Theory of Mind (ToM) tasks: False Belief, Strange Stories, and Faux-Pas.
  • Expert review by psychologists, neuropsychologists, and geriatricians to evaluate comprehensiveness, clarity, and relevance.
  • Pilot testing with 10 older adults (mean age 67.9 years) to evaluate comprehension and identify necessary modifications.

Main Results:

  • A preliminary 12-subtest tool assessing false beliefs, pragmatic inference, and faux-pas was created.
  • High inter-rater agreement among experts (0.66-1.0), with most tasks exceeding 80% agreement.
  • Pilot participants understood most tasks, but some items needed refinement; better performance on cognitive tasks (false belief, Strange Stories) than affective-cognitive tasks (faux-pas).

Conclusions:

  • The developed instrument is tailored for Brazilian older adults, though modifications enhanced clarity and comprehension.
  • Further standardization and norming with a larger, diverse sample of older adults (with and without clinical syndromes) are planned.
  • This tool holds potential for advancing social cognition research and clinical practice in Brazilian gerontology.