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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Clinical Manifestations.

Kang-Chen Fan1, Yi-Fang Chuang2

  • 1National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Naming ability decline is linked to cognitive changes and brain atrophy in older adults. These findings support developing language-based tools for early dementia detection in Mandarin speakers.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Language impairment is an early marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  • AI and deep learning offer new tools for dementia detection, but the neural basis of language in dementia is underexplored, especially in Mandarin speakers.
  • This study investigates the relationship between language, aging, and dementia in a Mandarin-speaking cohort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the neural underpinnings of language production in aging and dementia.
  • To identify language-based biomarkers for early dementia detection.
  • To examine dementia-related neurodegenerative patterns in Mandarin-speaking populations.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 604 older adults from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative on Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (TPMIC) was studied.
  • Participants underwent neuropsychological tests (including Boston Naming Test), T1-weighted MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI).
  • 112 participants were diagnosed with MCI, and 482 were cognitively normal.

Main Results:

  • Impaired naming ability correlated with demographic factors, clinical conditions, and cognitive domains (attention, executive function, memory).
  • Naming deficits were associated with brain atrophy in the hippocampus, amygdala, and temporal/frontal cortices.
  • White matter integrity in specific tracts (uncinate fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus) was linked to naming performance, with right-hemisphere lateralization observed.

Conclusions:

  • Naming ability impairments are significantly associated with cognitive decline and structural brain changes.
  • Observed laterality in white matter integrity may indicate unique neurodegenerative patterns in Mandarin speakers.
  • Findings support the development of language-based screening tools for dementia detection and early intervention.