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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

749
Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
749
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
516

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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Durjoy Lahiri1,2,3, Jennifer G Cooper4, Bruna Seixas Lima5,6

  • 1Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alzheimer's syndrome patients without amyloid plaques show distinct blood biomarker profiles. Elevated phosphorylated tau (p-tau), GFAP, and NfL levels were found in amyloid-negative individuals, suggesting different underlying pathologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases

Background:

  • A significant percentage of Alzheimer's syndrome patients lack brain amyloid plaques.
  • Pathological differences between amyloid-positive (Aβ+) and amyloid-negative (Aβ-) individuals are not well understood.
  • Blood-based biomarkers may elucidate the pathophysiology of Aβ- Alzheimer's.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare blood-based biomarkers between Aβ- and Aβ+ subgroups within clinical Alzheimer's syndrome.
  • To identify potential diagnostic markers for distinguishing Alzheimer's phenotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of patients from anti-amyloid clinical trials.
  • Amyloid-beta (Aβ) status determined by CSF analysis or PET imaging.
  • Plasma analysis using Quanterix Simoa HD-X for p-tau 181, p-tau 217, GFAP, NfL, and TDP-43.

Main Results:

  • No significant demographic or cognitive differences between Aβ+ (n=25) and Aβ- (n=20) groups.
  • Aβ+ group showed significantly higher p-tau 181, p-tau 217, GFAP, and NfL concentrations.
  • Aβ- group exhibited markedly higher TDP-43 concentrations, though not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct blood biomarker profiles differentiate Aβ+ and Aβ- Alzheimer's syndrome patients.
  • Findings provide insights into the pathophysiology of the amyloid-negative Alzheimer's subgroup.
  • Blood biomarkers offer a potential avenue for understanding Alzheimer's heterogeneity.