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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Xiao-Jun Ma1, Shweta Iyengar1, Shalaka Deshmukh1

  • 1Alamar Biosciences, Fremont, CA, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel assay for brain-derived Tau (BD-Tau) was developed using Nucleic-acid Linked Immuno-Sandwich Assay (NULISA) technology. This assay enables simultaneous detection of multiple Tau forms, advancing Alzheimer's Disease (AD) biomarker research.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Blood-based biomarkers are crucial for early Alzheimer's Disease (AD) detection.
  • While Aβ42/Aβ40 ratios and pTau forms show promise, brain-derived Tau (BD-Tau) offers unique potential for distinguishing AD and predicting neurodegeneration.
  • A need exists for a multiplex assay to measure BD-Tau and other Tau forms simultaneously for comprehensive evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an ultrasensitive BD-Tau assay using novel Nucleic-acid Linked Immuno-Sandwich Assay (NULISA) technology.
  • To integrate the BD-Tau assay into a multiplex panel for simultaneous profiling of Tau proteoforms and other AD biomarkers.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance and clinical utility of BD-Tau as a blood-based biomarker.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a NULISA BD-Tau assay targeting the MAPT exon 4-5 junction.
  • Evaluated BD-Tau detectability in plasma samples using a singleplex NULISA assay.
  • Assessed the integration of BD-Tau into a 120-plex CNS Disease Panel for multiplex detection and evaluated potential interference with other Tau isoforms.
  • Performed correlation analyses with total Tau (t-Tau) assays in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Main Results:

  • The NULISA BD-Tau assay demonstrated highly specific detection with 100% quantifiability in both plasma and CSF.
  • BD-Tau measurements showed a very high correlation with t-Tau in CSF (R=0.99) and a lower correlation in plasma.
  • Integration of BD-Tau into the 120-plex panel showed minimal interference with existing Tau forms (total Tau, t-pTau-181, t-pTau-217, t-pTau-231).

Conclusions:

  • The NULISA BD-Tau assay provides a powerful tool for developing blood-based Alzheimer's Disease biomarkers.
  • Integration into the NULISAseq CNS Disease Panel enables simultaneous profiling of multiple Tau proteoforms and other AD biomarkers.
  • This technology offers deeper insights into AD pathogenesis and progression, facilitating improved diagnostics and management.