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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies

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Khalid Saifullah¹, Gulam Mahfuz Chowdhury¹, Arnold M Evia²

¹Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association

|December 25, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is linked to neurodegeneration and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in older adults. Vascular pathology, indicated by WMH, mediates the relationship between NfL and neurodegeneration.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomarkers
Aging Research

Background:

Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising blood biomarker for neurodegeneration.
The relationship between NfL, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and neurodegeneration in non-demented older adults is not fully understood.
This study investigates the interplay between NfL, WMH, and neurodegeneration, focusing on vascular pathology's mediating role.

Purpose of the Study:

To clarify the association between NfL levels and neurodegeneration in older adults.
To examine the relationship between NfL and WMH, a marker of small vessel disease.
To determine if WMH mediates the link between NfL and neurodegeneration.

Main Methods:

Analysis of NfL levels from blood samples in 202 non-demented older adults.
Utilized deformation-based morphometry (DBM) to measure neurodegeneration via log Jacobian (LogJ) maps from MRI.
Voxel-wise linear regression assessed associations between NfL, WMH, and LogJ, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

NfL levels correlated with neurodegeneration and ventricular enlargement.
A significant positive association was found between NfL levels and WMH burden.
WMH burden was strongly linked to neurodegeneration, and mediated the NfL-neurodegeneration association.

Conclusions:

NfL serves as a biomarker for both neurodegenerative and vascular aspects of brain aging.
Vascular pathology, specifically WMH, plays a critical role in driving neurodegeneration.
Findings emphasize the importance of considering vascular factors in neurodegeneration research.