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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Pulkit Khandelwal1,2, Sydney A Lim2, Wilma D J Van de Berg3,4

  • 1Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory (PICSL), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel pipeline to accurately segment and register ex vivo and in situ MRI scans. This method enables stronger associations between brain morphometry and histopathology for dementia research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Medical Image Analysis
  • Neuropathology

Background:

  • Dementia research faces challenges in understanding mixed etiologies and atypical Alzheimer's disease due to delays between in-vivo MRI and autopsy.
  • Postmortem in-situ MRI is a proxy but logistically difficult, while ex-vivo MRI offers higher resolution but is affected by fixation and deformation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a whole-hemisphere ex-vivo to in-situ/in-vivo parcellation and registration pipeline named "purple-mri".
  • To enable multi-resolution, translation, and clinical relevance for ex-vivo (T2w 7T 0.3 mm³) and in-situ (T1w 3T 1x0.5x0.5 mm³) MRI.
  • To facilitate stronger association studies between morphometry and histopathological examination.

Main Methods:

  • Combined deep learning segmentation with classical surface-based modeling for ex-vivo cerebral hemisphere parcellation using the DKT atlas.
  • Developed a two-stage inter-modality diffeomorphic image registration between ex-vivo and in-situ MRI.
  • Utilized FreeSurfer for DKT atlas-based segmentations of in-situ MRI.

Main Results:

  • The "purple-mri" pipeline accurately segmented ex-vivo hemispheres and registered corresponding in-situ MRI, handling imaging artifacts.
  • Significant correlations were observed between ex-vivo and in-situ MRI for region-wise volume and mean thickness in several brain areas.
  • Correlation strength for thickness measurements showed a slight decrease due to segmentation challenges in areas with damaged tissue.

Conclusions:

  • The "purple-mri" pipeline accurately segments high-resolution ex-vivo MRI and registers it with multi-modal postmortem MRI.
  • This pipeline establishes a foundation for ex-vivo to in-vivo registrations.
  • Enables stronger association studies between brain morphometry and histopathological findings.