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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Miquel Massons1, Jordi Sarto2, Núria Guillén2

  • 1Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders Unit. Hospital Clínic de Barcelona. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona - IDIBAPS. University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma pTau217 is a highly accurate biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD), offering a less invasive alternative to current methods. This study supports its use in clinical practice for improved diagnostic uniformity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia, necessitating improved diagnostic tools.
  • Plasma biomarkers like phosphorylated tau (pTau217) and neurofilament light chain (NF-L) show promise as alternatives to CSF and PET scans.
  • This multicenter study aimed to assess the diagnostic utility of plasma pTau217 and NF-L in AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of plasma pTau217 and NF-L compared to established CSF biomarkers for AD.
  • To explore the potential of these plasma biomarkers for widespread clinical implementation and diagnostic standardization.
  • To analyze the influence of demographic factors on plasma biomarker levels.

Main Methods:

  • Recruitment of patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia across seven hospitals in Catalonia.
  • Measurement of plasma pTau217 and NF-L levels using Lumiplex G.
  • Comparison of diagnostic accuracy with CSF biomarkers and analysis of demographic influences (age, sex, BMI, GFR).

Main Results:

  • Plasma pTau217 demonstrated high accuracy in detecting amyloid pathology (Aβ+), with sensitivity up to 95% and specificity up to 95% using specific cut-offs.
  • NF-L levels were elevated in neurodegenerative conditions but showed low diagnostic precision (AUC=0.634).
  • Demographic factors like BMI and GFR had minimal impact on biomarker levels and diagnostic performance.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma pTau217 is a highly accurate biomarker for AD diagnosis, potentially reducing the need for CSF or PET.
  • Two diagnostic thresholds for pTau217 are optimal, with intermediate ranges possibly indicating early AD.
  • While NF-L indicates neurodegeneration, its clinical utility in this study was limited; pTau217 supports broader clinical adoption.