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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
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Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Fangyu Liu1, Aditya Surapaneni2, Jingsha Chen3

  • 1Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organs aging faster than chronological age, particularly the heart and immune system, increase dementia risk and affect brain structure. This highlights the importance of non-brain organ aging in cognitive health.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Organs exhibit differential aging rates.
  • Organ age, a measure of biological aging, can be estimated using plasma protein algorithms.
  • Organ age gaps (organ age vs. chronological age) and their longitudinal changes (pace of organ aging) are novel metrics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of organ age gaps and pace of organ aging on dementia risk.
  • To examine the association between organ age gaps, pace of organ aging, and brain structures (volume, cortical thickness).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.
  • Calculated 11 organ age gaps in midlife and late life.
  • Assessed dementia risk using Cox proportional hazard models and brain structures via linear regression with MRI data.

Main Results:

  • Increased dementia risk was linked to larger organ age gaps in midlife (artery, brain, heart, immune, intestine, liver) and late life (all organs except kidney).
  • Faster pace of aging in brain, heart, intestine, muscle, and pancreas independently predicted higher dementia risk.
  • Larger late-life organ age gaps and faster aging paces were associated with reduced brain volume and cortical thickness.

Conclusions:

  • Organ aging, beyond the brain (e.g., heart, immune system, pancreas), significantly impacts dementia risk.
  • The pace of aging in various organs is an independent predictor of dementia risk.
  • Organ aging metrics provide valuable insights into dementia pathogenesis and brain structural changes.