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Clinical Manifestations.

Sofia Marinou1, Natalie A Phillips1

  • 1Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and worry show poorer primacy recall, indicating potential early Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Serial position effect (SPE) patterns may aid in detecting cognitive decline in this population.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a self-perceived cognitive impairment, potentially predicting Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Standard cognitive tests may miss subtle changes in individuals with SCD.
  • The serial position effect (SPE), involving primacy (early list recall) and recency (late list recall), may offer sensitive measures of cognitive function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if serial position effect (SPE) patterns differ among individuals with and without subjective cognitive decline (SCD).
  • To determine if SPE, particularly primacy recall, can differentiate individuals with SCD who may be at higher risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) cohort (n=30,097).
  • Categorized participants into three groups: no SCD, SCD with worry, and SCD without worry.
  • Assessed SPE patterns using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT).

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in immediate total recall scores were found based on SCD status.
  • Significant differences emerged in primacy and recency recall across groups.
  • Individuals with SCD and worry exhibited lower primacy recall compared to controls, suggesting potential long-term memory deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Lower primacy recall in individuals with SCD and worry suggests this pattern may identify those at risk for AD.
  • Evaluating SPE patterns could enhance early detection of cognitive decline in at-risk populations.
  • SPE analysis offers a promising tool for understanding and identifying early cognitive changes.