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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Clinical Manifestations.

Kelly J Atkins1, Tiffany R Brailow1, Alexandra J Weigand2

  • 1Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new home-based diagnostic pathway for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) shows promise for early detection. This approach combines digital cognitive tests and plasma biomarkers, improving accessibility to care and research opportunities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Delays in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) limit access to crucial interventions and research participation.
  • A novel home-based diagnostic pathway was developed to address these diagnostic delays, integrating digital cognitive assessments and plasma biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, reliability, and validity of a novel home-based diagnostic pathway for ADRD.
  • To assess the utility of in-home digital cognitive assessments (TabCAT Brain Health Assessment) and plasma biomarkers for ADRD diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Participants from a UCSF Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) underwent in-home digital cognitive assessment and blood collection, with parallel in-clinic procedures.
  • Testing was offered in English, Spanish, and Chinese to ensure linguistic diversity.
  • Feasibility and acceptability were gauged through phlebotomist and participant feedback; reliability and validity were assessed against in-clinic data.

Main Results:

  • The home pathway was feasible and acceptable to participants and phlebotomists, with 80% of participants preferring home-based assessments.
  • Excellent test-retest reliability was observed for digital cognitive subtests (Match, r=0.85; Birdwatch, r=0.82).
  • In-home digital cognitive tasks demonstrated high accuracy in distinguishing between cognitively impaired and unimpaired individuals (AUC=0.92).

Conclusions:

  • The home-based pathway is a promising method for collecting digital cognitive data and ADRD plasma biomarkers, potentially facilitating early diagnosis.
  • This approach may reduce barriers to testing, improve access to dementia care, and inform eligibility for disease-modifying treatments.