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Marcelo Jobet1,2, Veronica Perez1,2, Rodrigo A Santibanez2,3

  • 1Memory Clinic, Neurology Service, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome (CCAS) can cause significant cognitive and mood changes due to cerebellar lesions. Early diagnosis using tools like the CCAS-S is crucial for distinguishing it from neurodegenerative diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome (CCAS) presents with widespread cognitive deficits and mood dysregulation.
  • It is caused by lesions affecting cerebellar structures crucial for cognition and emotion.
  • Diagnosis involves identifying neuropsychiatric symptoms alongside cerebellar lesions, often supported by the CCAS scale (CCAS-S).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present two cases of Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome (CCAS) diagnosed in 2024.
  • To highlight the clinical presentation and diagnostic process for CCAS.
  • To evaluate the utility of the CCAS-S in diagnosing CCAS.

Main Methods:

  • Two patients with cerebellar lesions and neuropsychiatric symptoms were evaluated.
  • Neurocognitive assessments, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the CCAS-S, were performed.
  • Brain MRI was used to identify cerebellar lesions and rule out other pathologies.

Main Results:

  • Both patients exhibited cognitive and/or behavioral impairments consistent with CCAS.
  • Neuroimaging confirmed cerebellar lesions without evidence of neurodegeneration or supratentorial pathology.
  • The CCAS-S scores supported the clinical diagnosis of CCAS in both cases.

Conclusions:

  • CCAS is a distinct cause of cognitive and behavioral impairment, separate from neurodegenerative conditions.
  • Accurate CCAS diagnosis requires high clinical suspicion, exclusion of alternative causes, and thorough neurocognitive assessment.
  • The CCAS-S is a valuable tool for assessing suspected CCAS cases, warranting further research into CCAS pathophysiology and treatment.