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  3. Tobacco-free Cities: A Qualitative Evaluation Of The Tobacco Control Programmes In Chinese Cities, 2009-2018.
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  3. Tobacco-free Cities: A Qualitative Evaluation Of The Tobacco Control Programmes In Chinese Cities, 2009-2018.

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Tobacco-free cities: a qualitative evaluation of the tobacco control programmes in Chinese cities, 2009-2018.

Yuchen Zhao1, Chenyu Qian1, Ling Fang1

  • 1School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

BMJ Open
|December 25, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Tobacco-Free Cities programme effectively built capacity for smoke-free policies in China. Sustainability challenges remain, highlighting the need for targeted solutions in future tobacco control training.

Keywords:
ChinaHealth policySmoking ReductionTobacco Use

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Public Health Policy
  • Tobacco Control Research

Background:

  • The Emory Global Health Institute's Tobacco-Free Cities (TFC) programme operated in 22 Chinese cities from 2009-2018.
  • Assessing the long-term impact and sustainability of the TFC programme is crucial for future public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the sustained impact of the Tobacco-Free Cities (TFC) programme on tobacco control in China.
  • To identify factors contributing to the success and challenges of sustaining tobacco control efforts post-programme.

Main Methods:

  • A qualitative study employing semi-structured, in-depth online interviews with 17 participants from 10 cities.
  • Participants included TFC programme leaders, TFC staff, and current tobacco control staff.
  • Thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data focusing on leadership, policy, activities, outcomes, and sustainability.

    • Main Results:

    • Participants reported enhanced capacity in smoke-free policy and leadership.
    • Cities with comprehensive smoke-free policies showed high public support, while partial bans faced barriers like industry influence.
    • Tobacco control activities were sustained; perceived outcomes included improved social norms, reduced smoking rates, and decreased secondhand smoke exposure.

    Conclusions:

    • The TFC programme is viewed as an effective model for developing and enforcing sustainable tobacco control policies in China.
    • Key challenges to sustainability include resource limitations and weakened policy enforcement.
    • Future tobacco control training should prioritize practical solutions for sustainability.