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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Clinical Manifestations.

Sydney Y Schaefer1, Michael H Malek-Ahmadi2,3, Angela Kuramoto4

  • 1Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Brief Evaluation of Activities of Daily Living and Cognition (BEAN) test measures cognition, not physical activity. Cognitive engagement, not physical activity, improves cognition in older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Cognitive and physical activities are known to reduce dementia risk in older adults.
  • The Brief Evaluation of Activities of Daily Living and Cognition (BEAN) test is a performance-based assessment using object manipulation.
  • The mediating mechanisms (cognitive vs. physical) of the BEAN test's relationship with cognition and daily functioning require clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the BEAN test's association with cognitive function and daily activities is mediated by cognitive engagement or physical activity.
  • To determine if the BEAN test is more reflective of cognitive or physical capabilities in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • 290 community-dwelling adults aged 50+ with no cognitive impairment participated.
  • Participants completed the BEAN test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA), and Cognitively Stimulating Activities Questionnaire (CSA-Q).
  • Cross-sectional data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models and mediation analysis.

Main Results:

  • The BEAN test scores were significantly related to MoCA scores (cognition) and CSA-Q scores (cognitive activities).
  • Mediation analysis indicated that cognitive engagement (CSA-Q) mediated the relationship between the BEAN test and MoCA scores.
  • No significant relationship was found between the BEAN test and RAPA scores (physical activity), nor did RAPA mediate the BEAN-MoCA relationship.

Conclusions:

  • The BEAN test serves as a valid measure of cognition and daily functioning, rather than a physical or motor assessment.
  • Cognitive engagement, rather than physical activity, appears to be the key mechanism through which the BEAN test reflects cognitive benefits in older adults.
  • Findings support the BEAN test's utility in understanding how cognitive engagement impacts cognition in aging populations.