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Simultaneously Enhanced Energy Storage Density and Efficiency in BNT-Based Lead-Free Ceramics.

Wenjie Zhou1, Zixin Li1, Xin Wang1

  • 1School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

New lead-free ceramics offer high energy density for pulsed power systems. Optimized (Bi La Na)TiO3-Sr(Ti Zr)O3 ceramics achieve 6.05 J/cm3 energy density with 90% efficiency.

Keywords:
Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3dielectric capacitorsenergy densitylead-free ceramicspolarizationstability

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage
  • Ceramics

Background:

  • Lead-free ceramics are essential for pulsed power systems due to their energy storage capabilities.
  • Low energy density in current lead-free ceramics hinders miniaturization and lightweight device development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the energy density of lead-free ceramics for advanced pulsed power applications.
  • To investigate the effects of incorporating Sr(Ti0.5Zr0.5)O3 into a (Bi0.47La0.03Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3 matrix.

Main Methods:

  • Tape-casting technique used for uniform and dense microstructure fabrication.
  • Introduction of Sr(Ti0.5Zr0.5)O3 to modify grain size, bandgap, and polar nanoregions.

Main Results:

  • Optimized ceramics achieved a recoverable energy density of 6.05 J/cm3 with 90% efficiency at 560 kV/cm.
  • Enhanced maximum applied electric field and reduced remnant polarization observed.
  • Excellent stability demonstrated across 25-160 °C and 10^4 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed (Bi0.47La0.03Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3-Sr(Ti0.5Zr0.5)O3 lead-free ceramic shows significant potential for pulsed power systems.
  • Tape-casting fabrication enhances performance for high-energy storage applications.