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Clinical Manifestations.

Bailey L Ortiz1,2, Angelina M Quagletti1,3, Liberty Hebron1,3

  • 1Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Depression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects empathy and emotion recognition. Negative moods like dysphoria and hopelessness impair emotional connection, while worry and cognitive concerns reduce empathic engagement.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) can alter emotion sensitivity, impacting emotion reading and real-life empathy.
  • Depression is common in early AD and may influence social cognition and empathy.
  • Understanding the link between depression and emotion sensitivity is crucial for developing supportive interventions in early AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between depressive symptoms and emotion sensitivity in individuals with early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • To clarify how specific depressive symptoms relate to different facets of emotion processing, including emotion comprehension and empathy.

Main Methods:

  • 252 participants with early-stage AD completed self-report measures for depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale) and underwent emotion comprehension tests (DART, TASIT EET).
  • Informants assessed participants' empathy using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI).
  • Regression models analyzed the relationship between depressive symptoms and emotion sensitivity, controlling for demographic factors.

Main Results:

  • Negative mood (Dysphoria, Hopelessness) was associated with reduced empathic concern and perspective-taking.
  • Social withdrawal predicted lower perspective-taking, indicating impaired ability to understand others' viewpoints.
  • Worry and cognitive concerns were linked to better emotion comprehension but lower empathic concern, suggesting a dissociation between recognizing emotions and empathizing.

Conclusions:

  • Depression significantly impacts empathy (concern and perspective-taking) in early AD, independent of emotion reading.
  • Specific depressive symptoms have differential effects: negative mood hinders emotional connection, while rumination affects empathic engagement.
  • Targeted assessment of depressive symptoms is vital for effective interventions to support social and emotional well-being in individuals with early AD.