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Clinical Manifestations.

Gabriela Tomé Oliveira Engelmann1,2,3, Giovanna Correia Pereira Moro1,2,4, Ivonne Carolina Bolaños Burgos5

  • 1Older Adult's Psychiatry and Psychology Extension Program (PROEPSI), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher phosphorylated tau protein (p-Tau 181) levels correlate with poorer performance on memory and cognitive assessments in older adults. This finding aids in understanding Alzheimer's disease progression and risk factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarker Research
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Understanding Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers and cognitive decline is crucial for identifying risk factors for dementia.
  • The Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) assesses cognitive function, while cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers like Aβ42 and p-Tau 181 indicate AD pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between CSF Aβ42, p-Tau 181 levels, and performance on the DRS in older adults.
  • To determine if these biomarkers can predict cognitive decline and conversion to Alzheimer's Disease Dementia (ADD).

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-four participants (Cognitively Unimpaired, Mild Cognitive Impairment, ADD) were analyzed.
  • CSF Aβ42 and p-Tau 181 levels were measured using Luminex xMAP.
  • Spearman correlation and adjusted linear regression analyses were performed to assess relationships between biomarkers and DRS performance.

Main Results:

  • Elevated CSF p-Tau 181 levels significantly correlated with worse performance on DRS Memory and total scores (DRST).
  • No significant correlation was observed between CSF Aβ42 and DRS performance.
  • The p-Tau 181/Aβ42 ratio also showed a significant negative correlation with Memory and DRST scores.

Conclusions:

  • Higher p-Tau 181 levels are associated with poorer cognitive function, particularly in memory, as measured by the DRS.
  • This association persists even after adjusting for sociodemographic factors, highlighting p-Tau 181's potential as a predictive biomarker for cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease.