Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 7, 2026
07:50
A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
Published on: September 20, 2018
16.4K
Clinical Manifestations
Priyanka Kumari1, Andrew J Aschenbrenner2,3, Richard B Lipton4,5,6
1Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
Summary
The Stages of Objective Memory Impairment (SOMI) accurately predicts Alzheimer's Disease progression in clinical trials. This memory assessment tool shows consistent risk profiles across different study types.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cognitive Science
- Biomarkers
Background:
- Memory impairment is an early indicator of Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
- The Stages of Objective Memory Impairment (SOMI) is a validated system assessing episodic memory decline.
- SOMI has previously predicted progression in observational studies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the predictive utility of SOMI for clinical progression in the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's (A4) clinical trial.
- To assess if SOMI's predictive performance is consistent in a clinical trial setting with strict eligibility criteria.
Main Methods:
- 1069 cognitively normal participants with positive amyloid PET scans were analyzed.
- Baseline SOMI stages were determined using Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) scores.
- Cox proportional hazards models assessed the association between SOMI stage and clinical progression (defined by CDR > 0).
Main Results:
- Higher SOMI stages at baseline were significantly associated with increased risk of clinical progression.
- Hazard ratios for progression were 1.41 (SOMI-1), 1.74 (SOMI-2), and 2.42 (SOMI 3-4) compared to SOMI-0.
- SOMI remained a significant predictor of progression even after adjusting for amyloid levels.
Conclusions:
- SOMI effectively predicts clinical progression in asymptomatic individuals at risk for Alzheimer's Disease within a clinical trial.
- The predictive risk profile of SOMI in the A4 study was comparable to findings from longitudinal cohort studies.
- SOMI demonstrates utility as a prognostic tool in AD clinical research.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
520
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
520
01:30Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations
299
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
299
01:25Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
364
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
364
01:26Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations
436
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
436
01:29Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management
652
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
652
01:30Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
437
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
437