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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Clinical Manifestations.

Priyanka Kumari1, Andrew J Aschenbrenner2,3, Richard B Lipton4,5,6

  • 1Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Stages of Objective Memory Impairment (SOMI) accurately predicts Alzheimer's Disease progression in clinical trials. This memory assessment tool shows consistent risk profiles across different study types.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Memory impairment is an early indicator of Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
  • The Stages of Objective Memory Impairment (SOMI) is a validated system assessing episodic memory decline.
  • SOMI has previously predicted progression in observational studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictive utility of SOMI for clinical progression in the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's (A4) clinical trial.
  • To assess if SOMI's predictive performance is consistent in a clinical trial setting with strict eligibility criteria.

Main Methods:

  • 1069 cognitively normal participants with positive amyloid PET scans were analyzed.
  • Baseline SOMI stages were determined using Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) scores.
  • Cox proportional hazards models assessed the association between SOMI stage and clinical progression (defined by CDR > 0).

Main Results:

  • Higher SOMI stages at baseline were significantly associated with increased risk of clinical progression.
  • Hazard ratios for progression were 1.41 (SOMI-1), 1.74 (SOMI-2), and 2.42 (SOMI 3-4) compared to SOMI-0.
  • SOMI remained a significant predictor of progression even after adjusting for amyloid levels.

Conclusions:

  • SOMI effectively predicts clinical progression in asymptomatic individuals at risk for Alzheimer's Disease within a clinical trial.
  • The predictive risk profile of SOMI in the A4 study was comparable to findings from longitudinal cohort studies.
  • SOMI demonstrates utility as a prognostic tool in AD clinical research.