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Clinical Manifestations.

Lee-Anne Morris1, Sanjay Manohar2, Kyla-Louise Horne3

  • 1University of Otago, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In Huntington's disease (HD), apathy and impulsivity overlap specifically in goal-directedness, not other dimensions. This relationship remained stable over one year in people with HD.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Apathy and impulsivity frequently co-occur in Huntington's disease (HD).
  • These behavioral syndromes are complex and multidimensional.
  • Understanding their relationship and stability over time is crucial for HD management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate which specific dimensions of apathy and impulsivity drive their co-occurrence in HD.
  • To assess the temporal stability of these dimensions in HD.

Main Methods:

  • Participants with HD and controls completed apathy and impulsivity scales at baseline and one-year follow-up.
  • Principal component analysis was used to identify underlying components of apathy and impulsivity.
  • Linear mixed models examined group and timepoint differences.

Main Results:

  • Three key components emerged: goal-directedness (attention, planning, initiation, perseverance), and two others with opposing dimensions.
  • Individuals with HD showed deficits primarily in the goal-directedness component compared to controls.
  • All components were stable over time and correlated with personality factors (conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism).

Conclusions:

  • The overlap between apathy and impulsivity in HD is specifically linked to goal-directedness.
  • Other dimensions of apathy and impulsivity do not overlap in HD.
  • Findings highlight the importance of targeting goal-directedness in HD interventions.