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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Clinical Manifestations.

Yi Jin Leow1, Pricilia Tanoto2, Nagaendran Kandiah3

  • 1nil, nil, nil, Nicaragua.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) symptoms, measured by the MBI-Checklist (MBI-C), predict cognitive decline. Addressing MBI symptoms offers opportunities for early intervention in cognitive health.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Subtle behavioral changes can indicate early cognitive decline, offering intervention opportunities.
  • Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) is a recognized precursor to cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • The MBI-Checklist (MBI-C) effectively detects MBI but its predictive value in Southeast Asian populations needs exploration due to potential cultural underreporting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if longitudinal MBI-Checklist (MBI-C) scores predict cognitive outcomes in a Southeast Asian cohort.
  • To assess the association between MBI symptoms and subsequent cognitive decline.
  • To identify specific MBI symptom domains that are strong predictors of cognitive deterioration.

Main Methods:

  • 571 participants from the Biomarkers and Cognition Study, Singapore (BIOCIS), were assessed over two visits, one year apart.
  • Participants were categorized by cognitive status (normal, subjective decline, MCI, dementia).
  • Self-reported MBI-C scores were used to measure behavioral symptoms, with longitudinal cognitive outcomes analyzed using linear mixed-effects models.

Main Results:

  • Participants with clinical MBI-C scores showed poorer baseline cognitive performance across multiple domains.
  • Higher MBI-C total scores at Visit 1 significantly predicted worse cognitive diagnoses at Visit 2.
  • The Visit×MBI-C interaction indicated an intensifying relationship between MBI-C scores and cognitive decline over time, with 'Abnormal Beliefs' showing the strongest association.

Conclusions:

  • Self-reported MBI-C scores are significant predictors of early cognitive decline, validating MBI symptoms as clinical markers.
  • The progressive impact of MBI on cognition is evident through the strengthening association over time.
  • The 'Abnormal Beliefs' subdomain is a particularly strong marker for cognitive deterioration, highlighting MBI's role in early intervention strategies.