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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Jessica Hira1, Reza Zomorrodi2, Daniel M Blumberger3

  • 1Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In Alzheimer's dementia (AD), increased white matter damage in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) correlates with motor cortex (MC) excitability, suggesting a compensatory mechanism. This contrasts with findings for cortical thickness.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Abnormal cortical excitability is a hallmark of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's dementia (AD).
  • The relationship between cortical excitability and structural brain changes in AD remains unclear.
  • This study investigates the link between motor cortex (MC) excitability, cortical thickness, and white matter integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the relationship among motor cortex (MC) excitability, cortical thickness, and white matter integrity in Alzheimer's dementia (AD).
  • To test the hypothesis of an inverse association between MC excitability and cortical thickness or white matter tract integrity in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF).

Main Methods:

  • Participants included individuals with AD and cognitively normal (CN) older adults.
  • Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and EEG measured MC excitability.
  • T1-weighted MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI quantified cortical thickness and SLF white matter integrity (mean diffusivity [MD] and fractional anisotropy [FA]).

Main Results:

  • Individuals with AD exhibited reduced MC thickness, increased SLF MD, and decreased SLF FA compared to CN individuals.
  • MC excitability did not significantly differ between AD and CN groups.
  • In the AD group, increased SLF MD positively correlated with MC excitability; no significant correlations were found with cortical thickness or SLF FA.

Conclusions:

  • The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) plays a crucial role in motor control and brain connectivity.
  • A positive correlation between SLF mean diffusivity (MD) and MC excitability in AD may indicate a compensatory response to neurodegeneration.
  • These findings highlight the complex interplay between white matter integrity and cortical excitability in Alzheimer's dementia.