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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Does Not Increase Auditory False Perceptions in Healthy Participants.

Tine Tronrud1, Isabella Kusztrits1,2, Julien Laloyaux3

  • 1Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigated auditory hallucinations, finding that top-down and bottom-up processes interact but transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) did not alter false perceptions, challenging a specific neurocognitive model.

Keywords:
bottom‐up/top‐down processinghypertemporal/hypofrontal modelneurostimulationsignal detection task

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Auditory hallucinations are a core symptom of psychotic disorders.
  • A leading neurocognitive model suggests they stem from imbalanced brain activity in the left temporoparietal cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
  • Understanding the neural underpinnings is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test a neurocognitive model of auditory hallucinations.
  • To investigate the role of the left temporoparietal cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in auditory false perceptions.
  • To examine the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on auditory false perceptions and their modulation by top-down and bottom-up factors.

Main Methods:

  • 104 healthy participants completed a signal detection task to induce auditory false perceptions.
  • Participants received either real or sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with two different electrode montages.
  • The study measured the rate of auditory false perceptions under varying conditions of expectation (top-down) and sensory input (bottom-up).

Main Results:

  • Robust top-down and bottom-up interactions were observed, influencing the occurrence of auditory false perceptions.
  • Neither the electrode montage nor the administration of real tDCS significantly modulated the rate of auditory false perceptions.
  • The findings did not support the proposed hyperactive temporoparietal/hypoactive dorsolateral prefrontal cortex model.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory verbal hallucinations appear to result from an interplay between bottom-up and top-down processes.
  • The specific neurocognitive model tested, involving targeted brain stimulation, was not supported by the results.
  • Potential reasons for the lack of tDCS effects, such as insufficient stimulation of target areas, warrant further investigation.