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Drug Development.

Aiman Hamli1, Kalavathy Ramasamy2,3, Snezana Agatonovic-Kustrin4,5

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Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Marine algae Caulerpa lentillifera extracts show neuroprotective potential against Alzheimer's disease by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Further research into these natural compounds could lead to new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Current Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatments offer symptomatic relief but do not halt disease progression.
  • Neuroinflammation plays a key role in AD pathogenesis, necessitating novel neuroprotective strategies.
  • The marine alga Caulerpa lentillifera possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting its potential for AD intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neuroprotective effects of Caulerpa lentillifera extracts against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in vitro.
  • To evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of different C. lentillifera extracts.
  • To identify the phytochemical constituents responsible for the observed neuroprotective effects.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of C. lentillifera using methanol and partitioning into hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions (CLME, CLHE, CLCE, CLEAE).
  • Assessment of antioxidant activity (DPPH scavenging) and COX-1 inhibition using HPTLC.
  • Evaluation of extracts in LPS-challenged macrophage (RAW 264.7) and neuroblastoma (SK-N-SH) cells, measuring ROS, NO, and caspase-3 activity.
  • Phytochemical profiling using NMR spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • CLCE demonstrated the highest DPPH scavenging activity, while CLEAE showed the strongest COX-1 inhibition.
  • CLCE and CLHE significantly reduced ROS, NO, and caspase-3 activity in LPS-challenged RAW 264.7 cells.
  • CLCE and CLHE also significantly reduced ROS and caspase-3 activity in LPS-challenged SK-N-SH cells.
  • Phytochemical analysis indicated CLCE had the highest phenolic content, with various compounds identified across all extracts.

Conclusions:

  • C. lentillifera extracts, particularly CLCE and CLHE, exhibit significant neuroprotective potential.
  • These extracts mitigate neuroinflammation by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
  • C. lentillifera represents a promising source for developing novel therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease.