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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Biomarkers.

Eugenia Olivera1, Pilar Garaventa1, Albany Saez1

  • 1INBIOMED CONICET, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reduced glial metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGlu3R) expression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) may impair neuroprotection and amyloid clearance. Early mGlu3R changes in glial cells could contribute to AD pathogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Astrocytic metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGlu3R) has neuroprotective roles, promoting non-amyloidogenic APP cleavage and Aβ clearance.
  • mGlu3R levels decrease with age in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if reduced mGlu3R reflects glial dysfunction in AD.
  • To determine if these changes are present in AD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Primary glial cell cultures from PDAPP-J20 mice and controls.
  • Western blot analysis of mGlu3R, GLT-1, and SR-A.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of RNASeq databases from AD and control human brain tissue.
  • Logistic regression, ROC curves, and GWAS analysis.

Main Results:

  • Glial mGlu3R, GLT-1, and BDNF levels were decreased in AD patients and PDAPP-J20 mice.
  • SR-A levels were increased in AD patients and PDAPP-J20 mice.
  • mGlu3R and a 4-gene panel predicted AD, with reduced mGlu3R mRNA localized to peri-plaque regions.

Conclusions:

  • Early reductions in glial mGlu3R in AD may compromise neuroprotective and anti-amyloidogenic mechanisms.
  • These glial changes might play a role in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease.