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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Sarang Kang1, Kyu Yeong Choi1,2, Gyungah R Jun3,4,5,6,7,8,9

  • 1Gwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia (GARD) Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of (South).

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (pTau217) shows strong potential for predicting Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyloid positivity in Koreans. This blood biomarker outperforms GFAP and NfL in early AD detection, even before cognitive symptoms appear.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Plasma biomarkers offer a non-invasive approach for early Alzheimer's disease (AD) detection.
  • Plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (pTau217) shows promise in European populations, but its utility in Koreans requires further investigation.
  • This study evaluates pTau217, GFAP, and NfL in a large Korean dementia cohort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the diagnostic and predictive capacity of plasma pTau217, GFAP, and NfL in a Korean population.
  • To compare the performance of these biomarkers against amyloid PET positivity and AD diagnosis.
  • To explore the potential of pTau217 as a cross-ancestry biomarker for early AD detection.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma levels of pTau217, GFAP, and NfL were measured in 725 participants (cognitively normal, MCI, ADRD) using Simoa assays.
  • Amyloid positivity was assessed via PET imaging.
  • Neuropsychological tests, APOE genotyping, and pathological analyses were performed.

Main Results:

  • Plasma pTau217, GFAP, and NfL levels were significantly associated with AD dementia and amyloid PET positivity.
  • pTau217 demonstrated the highest predictive value for amyloid positivity (AUC=0.935), outperforming GFAP (AUC=0.822) and NfL (AUC=0.635).
  • pTau217 also showed better prediction for AD status (AUC=0.778) compared to GFAP (AUC=0.706) and NfL (AUC=0.674) and correlated with AD progression.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma pTau217 is a robust biomarker for predicting amyloid positivity and AD progression in the Korean population.
  • pTau217 outperforms GFAP and NfL in detecting amyloid positivity, suggesting its reliability across ancestries.
  • pTau217 holds potential for early AD detection, identifying amyloid positivity before cognitive symptoms manifest.