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Clinical Manifestations.

Megan S Barker1, Alyssa N De Vito2,3, Zachary J Kunicki4

  • 1Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are more common in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) than in older adults without dementia. This study used the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-Research Version (SCID-5-RV) to identify key differences in symptom presentation.

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Psychiatry
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) significantly impact Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) outcomes.
  • Comprehensive assessment of psychiatric symptoms in AD/ADRD is lacking.
  • Distinguishing pathological aging from normal aging requires symptom comparison.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare psychiatric symptom frequencies in individuals with AD/ADRD versus cognitively unimpaired older adults.
  • To utilize the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-Research Version (SCID-5-RV) for detailed symptom analysis.
  • To identify specific psychiatric phenotypes associated with AD/ADRD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized item-level data from the SCID-5-RV in 237 participants (188 with AD/ADRD, 49 controls).
  • Compared prevalence of symptom endorsement between AD/ADRD and control groups.
  • Employed Pearson's Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test for statistical comparison.

Main Results:

  • AD/ADRD group reported more sleep disturbances (fatigue, excessive sleepiness, napping) and depression-related symptoms (depressed mood, anhedonia, guilt).
  • Higher rates of suicidality (10% vs 0%) and psychomotor agitation/verbal aggression were observed in the AD/ADRD group.
  • While AD/ADRD showed more general anxiety, controls had more panic/phobia symptoms; AD/ADRD also reported more cognitive difficulties.

Conclusions:

  • Significant differences exist in reported psychiatric symptoms between individuals with AD/ADRD and cognitively unimpaired older adults.
  • Findings support the development of targeted measures for neuropsychiatric constructs in neurodegenerative populations.
  • Identified specific symptoms that may differentiate pathological aging from normal aging processes.