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Clinical Manifestations
Sheila Castro-Suarez1,2, Jonathan Adrian Zegarra-Valdivia1,3, Erik Alberto Guevara-Silva2
1Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
Summary
The Telephone Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T-MoCA) effectively screens for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients remotely. Educational background significantly influences cognitive performance in individuals with PD.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuroscience
- Gerontology
Background:
- Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia are significant non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD).
- Remote cognitive screening is crucial for timely clinical decision-making in PD patients.
- The Telephone Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T-MoCA) offers a practical solution for remote cognitive assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of the T-MoCA in differentiating cognitive impairment levels in Parkinson's disease patients.
- To explore the correlation between sociodemographic factors and cognitive performance in PD.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study conducted remotely in Lima, Peru (2022-2024).
- 155 Parkinson's disease patients were screened using T-MoCA, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire.
- Statistical analyses included ANOVA for group comparisons and Spearman correlation for variable relationships.
Main Results:
- The T-MoCA successfully differentiated between cognitively unimpaired (mean score 19.4), MCI (mean score 16.1), and dementia (mean score 10.1) groups.
- Years of education showed a positive correlation with T-MoCA scores (abstraction, sentence repetition).
- Higher T-MoCA scores correlated with lower functional dependence (Pfeffer Score).
Conclusions:
- The T-MoCA is a validated remote tool for assessing cognitive status in Parkinson's disease.
- Sociodemographic factors, particularly education, play a vital role in cognitive performance among PD patients.
- Remote assessment tools like T-MoCA are essential for managing non-motor symptoms in PD.
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