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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Clinical Manifestations.

Bradley J Dixon1, John L Woodard1, Lynn M Bekris2

  • 1Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuropsychological test performance, specifically delayed recall, can predict changes in Alzheimer's disease biomarkers like cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau and amyloid ratios. These findings suggest potential for early Alzheimer's risk screening.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarker Research
  • Cognitive Aging

Background:

  • Neuropsychological test performance is a predictor of Alzheimer's disease (AD) conversion.
  • Few studies have linked neuropsychological performance with AD biomarkers.
  • Early detection of AD pathology requires sensitive cognitive measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between changes in neuropsychological test performance and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.
  • To determine if cognitive changes predict biomarker changes or vice versa.

Main Methods:

  • 137 healthy older adults underwent baseline neuropsychological testing and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection.
  • Participants were re-evaluated two years later.
  • A bivariate latent change score model analyzed longitudinal relationships between Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) delayed recall and CSF t-tau/Aβ1-42 and p-tau181/Aβ1-42 ratios.

Main Results:

  • Baseline delayed recall scores negatively predicted a two-year change in CSF t-tau/Aβ1-42 ratio.
  • Baseline CSF p-tau181/Aβ1-42 ratio negatively predicted a two-year change in delayed recall scores.
  • These associations suggest bidirectional predictive relationships between cognitive performance and AD biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • Neuropsychological performance, particularly delayed recall, is sensitive to changes in AD biomarkers.
  • Certain AD biomarkers can predict changes in cognitive performance.
  • Delayed recall tasks may serve as practical screening tools for early intervention studies in individuals at high risk for AD.