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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
Published on: September 20, 2018
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Clinical Manifestations
Anusha Ayyar1, Shivashankar N2, Mathew Varghese3
1Octave Speech Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
Summary
Dementia impairs sentence comprehension due to syntactic and grammatical deficits. Cognitive resource limitations may also contribute to these language challenges in individuals with dementia.
Area of Science:
- Neurolinguistics
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Psycholinguistics
Background:
- Sentence comprehension relies on linguistic and non-linguistic processes.
- Deficits in sentence comprehension and their causes in dementia lack consensus.
- This study investigates sentence comprehension breakdown in Kannada-speaking individuals with dementia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the specific nature of sentence comprehension deficits in dementia.
- To explore the underlying causes of these deficits, including linguistic and cognitive factors.
- To assess sentence comprehension abilities in Kannada-speaking individuals with various types of dementia.
Main Methods:
- 103 individuals with mild/moderate dementia (Alzheimer's, Vascular, Frontotemporal) and 64 controls participated.
- Assessed sentence length/complexity effects using Revised Token Test (RTT-Kannada).
- Evaluated grammaticality judgment with Linguistic Profile Test (LPT-Kannada) and cognitive abilities via Hindi Mental Scale Examination (HMSE).
Main Results:
- Significant differences (p < 0.001) in RTT and LPT scores between control and dementia groups.
- Performance declined with increasing sentence length/complexity (RTT), steeper in moderate dementia.
- Deficits were most pronounced in conditional clauses and participle constructions (LPT).
- Strong positive correlation found between cognitive scores (HMSE) and syntactic processing (LPT, RTT).
Conclusions:
- Dementia is associated with significant syntactic and grammatical processing deficits.
- Grammatical incompetence may indicate linguistic deficits, while complex structures strain working memory.
- Cognitive resource deficits are a potential underlying cause of syntactic comprehension impairments in dementia.
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