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Assessing High-Risk HPV Infection Rates in Females Undergoing Cervical Cancer Screening in Western India Using

Anand Shah1, Bhanuprasad Kotadia1, Ramakrishnan Padmanaban2

  • 1Department of Community Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Gujarat, India.

Indian Journal of Community Medicine : Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection affects 8.44% of women screened for cervical cancer. Early marriage and high parity are associated with hrHPV, highlighting the need for accessible HPV DNA testing in low-resource settings.

Keywords:
Cancer preventionHPV DNA testHPV infectioncancer screeningcervical cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cervical cancer caused over 350,000 deaths in 2022, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
  • Inequitable access to cervical cancer screening in LMICs contributes to high mortality rates.
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends high-performance tests like human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing for cervical cancer elimination strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) infection among women undergoing cervical cancer screening.
  • To identify risk factors associated with hrHPV infection in the study population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 367 cervical samples.
  • Samples were collected from a cancer hospital and community outreach areas in Gujarat State.
  • High-risk HPV DNA testing was performed on all collected samples.

Main Results:

  • Overall, 8.44% (31 out of 367) of samples tested positive for hrHPV.
  • Factors such as high parity, early marriage, and irregular menstrual history showed a significant association with hrHPV infection.
  • A higher proportion of samples (204) were collected from the cancer hospital compared to community outreach camps.

Conclusions:

  • The HPV DNA test is a valuable tool for identifying HPV infections and potentially preventing cervical cancer.
  • Scaling up HPV DNA testing as a routine screening method can improve early detection and management.
  • Addressing socioeconomic factors associated with hrHPV infection is crucial for effective cervical cancer control programs.