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Clinical Manifestations.

Anna Aaronson1, Caroline Altaras2,3, Monica T Ly2,3

  • 1Boston University CTE and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Boston, MA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) are more frequent in individuals with repetitive head impacts (RHI). These complaints correlate with cognitive function and may be influenced by neuropsychiatric factors in RHI populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) can indicate early Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
  • Repetitive head impacts (RHI) are linked to increased SCCs, especially in former professional American football players.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize participant and informant-reported SCCs in individuals with diverse RHI exposure.
  • To assess the concordance of SCCs with neuropsychological measures.
  • To identify factors associated with SCCs in RHI-exposed individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Compared SCCs (Cognitive Change Index, BRIEF-A Meta-Cognition Index) between RHI (n=172) and non-RHI (n=320) groups.
  • Assessed memory and executive function using standardized neuropsychological tests.
  • Examined correlations between self/informant SCCs and neuropsychological performance using regression models.

Main Results:

  • The RHI group reported significantly higher SCCs (MI, CCI) than the non-RHI group.
  • Self/informant SCCs showed stronger correlations in the RHI group compared to the non-RHI group.
  • SCCs were associated with objective cognitive measures in the RHI group, with fewer associations in the non-RHI group.

Conclusions:

  • SCCs in RHI settings appear more frequent and may reflect actual cognitive changes.
  • High rates of SCCs are likely multifactorial, influenced by neuropsychiatric factors.
  • Longitudinal studies are needed to track SCCs and their correlation with disease biomarkers.