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Clinical Manifestations.

Jonathan Adrian Zegarra-Valdivia1, Milagros Del Rocio Casimiro-Arana1, Leandro Aron Perez-Fernandez1

  • 1Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo, Peru.

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals significant cognitive and executive impairments in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients compared to controls in Peru. Standardized assessments like RUDAS and INECO are crucial for identifying neurocognitive decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are progressive neurodegenerative conditions impacting cognition and daily life.
  • This is the first multi-site study in Peru evaluating cognitive performance in MCI and AD using standardized neuropsychological instruments.
  • The study aimed to characterize participants with MCI and AD through comprehensive neuropsychological assessments across multiple Peruvian cities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize cognitive performance in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Peru.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of standardized neuropsychological instruments in differentiating these conditions.
  • To provide insights into dementia evaluation and early identification strategies within the Peruvian context.

Main Methods:

  • A total of 267 participants were evaluated: 145 controls, 41 with MCI, and 81 with AD.
  • Standardized assessments included PHQ-9, Pfeffer, RUDAS, and INECO.
  • RUDAS and INECO scores were compared between groups using T-Student or Mann-Whitney U statistical tests.

Main Results:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients showed significant cognitive and executive impairments compared to controls.
  • The RUDAS Total Score was significantly lower in AD patients (11.26 ± 8.3) versus controls (26.61 ± 3.1, p < 0.001).
  • AD patients exhibited impairments in INECO subtests related to inhibitory control and working memory, specifically Instrucciones Conflictivas (p < 0.001) and Meses Atrás (p = 0.018).

Conclusions:

  • Findings confirm severe cognitive and executive impairments in AD patients compared to MCI and controls.
  • RUDAS and INECO scores demonstrate potential in differentiating neurocognitive conditions, highlighting deficits in inhibitory control and working memory in AD.
  • The study offers novel insights into dementia evaluation in Peru, emphasizing the importance of standardized assessments for early cognitive decline detection.