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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Biomarkers.

Srinivasan Vairavan1, Alankar Atreya2, Nicholas Cummins3

  • 1Janssen Research and Development, Titusville, NJ, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Speech changes appear before Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. Acoustic markers from story narration tasks show potential for early AD detection in preclinical and prodromal stages, aiding clinical trials.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Speech-language pathology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is preceded by decades of speech and language changes.
  • Digital tools for frequent speech assessments offer promise for early-stage AD clinical trials.
  • The RADAR-AD study investigated acoustic speech markers from story narration tasks across different AD (ATN) stages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of acoustic speech markers for detecting early signs of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • To analyze speech patterns in relation to amyloid (A), tau (T), and neurodegeneration (N) status within syndromic stages of AD.
  • To assess the potential of speech markers in improving screening for AD clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study with 159 participants across four groups: Healthy Controls (HC), preclinical AD (pre. AD), prodromal AD (pro. AD), and mild AD.
  • Speech samples collected via a voice-based story narration task (Story Time) using the Mezurio smartphone application across 12 European languages.
  • Linear mixed-effect models used to analyze speech data, considering participants, stories, and languages as random effects, and demographic variables as fixed effects.

Main Results:

  • Preclinical AD (A+T+) showed significantly lower articulation rates compared to controls.
  • Prodromal AD (A+T+) also exhibited lower articulation rates, along with differences in speech rate, loudness, and vocalic features.
  • Prodromal AD (A+T-) showed significant differences in jitter and voiced segments.

Conclusions:

  • Subtle, tau-driven changes in speech fluency are detectable as early as the preclinical stage of AD.
  • Acoustic speech markers show potential for enhancing screening in AD clinical trials.
  • This research was supported by the Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking (grant No 806999).