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Clinical Manifestations.

Latha Velayudhan1, Maahek Kapasi1, Ellie Pickering2

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This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults with and without COVID-19-related smell loss showed similar smell identification test scores two years later. This suggests no significant difference in olfactory function between groups post-infection.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with smell dysfunction as a common symptom.
  • Olfactory impairment is linked to adverse health outcomes, including mortality, reduced quality of life, depression, and dementia risk.
  • The impact of COVID-19-associated smell dysfunction in older adults requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess olfactory identification deficits in older adults (above 50 years) following COVID-19 infection.
  • To compare smell function in older adults with and without self-reported smell problems after COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal online survey (Smell and Taste Function in Older Adults in the Covid-19 Pandemic - STAP) was conducted.
  • Participants (n=150, matched for age and gender) completed the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) kits.
  • Data collected included COVID-19 symptoms, self-reported cognitive issues, and socio-demographic details.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in total UPSIT scores was found between older adults with and without post-COVID-19 smell loss (p=0.555).
  • Women scored higher than men on the UPSIT (p=0.002).
  • Further analysis will explore associations with cognition and other factors.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults with and without COVID-19-related smell dysfunction exhibited similar smell identification abilities two years post-infection.
  • This indicates no discernible difference in olfactory identification function between the groups.
  • Longitudinal studies with larger cohorts are necessary to understand the trajectory of smell impairment and cognitive risks.