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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
Published on: September 20, 2018
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Clinical Manifestations
Audrey A Keleman1,2,3, Alyssa Weakley4, Rebecca M Bollinger1
1Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
Summary
Cognitive function and Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers significantly predict daily living activities in cognitively normal older adults. Early detection of these predictors can aid in developing interventions for preclinical AD.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Gerontology
- Biomarkers
Background:
- Cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology impact daily functioning.
- Understanding predictors of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) is crucial for early detection and intervention in preclinical AD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between cognition, AD biomarkers, and IADL performance in cognitively normal (CN) older adults.
- To identify key predictors of IADL performance for developing targeted screening tools and interventions.
Main Methods:
- 173 CN older adults completed home-based IADL tasks (shopping, checkbook balancing, medication management).
- Amyloid and tau positron emission tomography (PET) were used to assess AD pathology.
- Logistic regression models analyzed cognitive and biomarker predictors of IADL performance, controlling for demographics.
Main Results:
- Global cognition and Attention & Processing domains were strong predictors of IADL performance.
- Higher amyloid burden was associated with worse IADL performance; tauopathy showed a trend.
- Cognition and amyloid burden had additive effects on predicting IADL performance.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive function and AD pathology significantly and complementarily influence IADL performance in CN older adults.
- Findings can inform the development of sensitive functional assessments for preclinical AD.
- Interventions targeting identified deficits may improve IADL performance and compensatory strategies.
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