Rodent contamination of soft drinks: An evaluation of postmortem changes

Teresa Southard1, Emily Falls1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech Animal Laboratory Services, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

Veterinary Pathology
|December 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Rodents found in beverages likely entered after opening, not during bottling. Postmortem analysis revealed changes inconsistent with sealed contamination, suggesting post-consumer entry into soft drinks and other beverages.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Toxicology
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Rodents discovered in sealed beverages raise questions about contamination sources.
  • Distinguishing between pre- and post-bottling contamination is crucial for food safety investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate postmortem changes in rodents submerged in various beverages.
  • To determine if observed changes indicate contamination during bottling or after opening.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory mice were submerged in different sealed beverages (cola, tea, seltzer, water) for up to two months.
  • Postmortem changes, including gas distention, dental erosion, and decomposition, were monitored over time.
  • Comparison of experimental findings with necropsy results from rodents found in commercial beverages.

Main Results:

  • Sealed carbonated beverages at room temperature caused severe gas distention in submerged rodents within one week.
  • Acidic beverages led to incisor erosion, while colored beverages caused staining.
  • Decomposition rates varied, being fastest in regular cola.
  • Rodents from commercial products lacked gas distention and incisor erosion, showing decomposition similar to short-term experimental submersion.

Conclusions:

  • Postmortem changes in rodents found in beverages suggest post-consumer contamination.
  • The absence of gas distention and incisor erosion in commercial samples indicates they were not contaminated during the bottling process.
  • Findings support the hypothesis that rodents enter beverage containers after they have been opened.

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