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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Ekaterina Rogaeva1,2, Xuelin Tang1,3, Vishaal Sumra1

  • 1Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Repetitive head impacts in athletes are linked to brain aging. A new study found that DNA methylation age acceleration (DNAmFitAA), reflecting biological aging, increases with the number of concussions, suggesting a link between head trauma and accelerated aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Epigenetics
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Repetitive head impacts in contact sports are associated with long-term neurological issues like cognitive deficits and brain atrophy.
  • Biological aging can be assessed using DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles, including DNAm-age acceleration (DNAmAA) and DNAmAA-residual (DNAmAAr).
  • The study explores the relationship between brain aging and epigenetic aging measures, including the novel DNAmFit-age, in former athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between brain aging and epigenetic aging in former contact sports athletes.
  • To examine the association between DNA methylation age acceleration (DNAmAA, DNAmAAr, DNAmFitAA) and brain structure.
  • To determine if DNAmFit-age acceleration correlates with the number of concussions experienced by athletes.

Main Methods:

  • 126 former contact sports athletes (mean age 54.5) with available concussion history were studied.
  • DNA methylation data from blood were analyzed to calculate DNAmFit-age, DNAm-age, and DNAmAAr.
  • Regional gray matter volume from MRI scans was assessed in relation to epigenetic age measures.

Main Results:

  • Chronological age correlated significantly with brain volumes and cortical thickness.
  • Epigenetic age measures (DNAmAA, DNAmAAr, DNAmFitAA) remained stable over time but did not correlate with brain structure.
  • A significant positive association was found between DNAmFit-age acceleration (DNAmFitAA) and the number of concussions.

Conclusions:

  • Chronological age is linked to cerebral atrophy in former athletes.
  • Increased DNAmFit-age acceleration is associated with a higher number of concussions in this cohort.
  • Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore the connection with neurodegeneration and other epigenetic clocks.