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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Laetitia Lemoine1, Laura Kulagowska1, David Bonsall1

  • 1Perceptive, London, United Kingdom.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored [3H]SynVesT-1 binding to synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) as a potential synaptic density biomarker. Early Alzheimer's patients showed increased binding in the entorhinal cortex, suggesting compensatory mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Alzheimer's Disease Research

Background:

  • A need exists for imaging biomarkers to track synaptic density changes in neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) is a protein found in pre-synaptic terminals, making it a potential target for synaptic imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the potential of [3H]SynVesT-1 binding to SV2A as a biomarker for synaptic density.
  • To investigate changes in SV2A binding in different stages of Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

Main Methods:

  • Homogenate binding techniques were used on postmortem brain tissues from 70 subjects (controls, early AD, late AD).
  • Binding affinity (KD) and maximal binding sites (BMAX) of [3H]SynVesT-1 were determined in entorhinal cortex (EC) and cerebellum.
  • Tissues were analyzed in total homogenate (TH) and synaptoneurosome (SN) fractions.

Main Results:

  • Saturable specific binding of [3H]SynVesT-1 was observed in EC and cerebellum.
  • Binding affinity (KD) was consistent across groups and preparations (3-7 nM).
  • Maximal binding (BMAX) showed group-wise differences in the EC, with higher binding in early AD subjects compared to late AD and controls.

Conclusions:

  • [3H]SynVesT-1 shows potential as a synaptic density biomarker, particularly in the entorhinal cortex.
  • Increased SV2A binding in early AD may indicate compensatory mechanisms.
  • Findings contribute to the SV2A PET Project for developing AD biomarkers.