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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Claudia Rivera-Fernandez1, Nilton Custodio2,3, Rosa Montesinos2,4

  • 1Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Arequipa, Peru.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

APOE 4 genotype and elevated p-tau217 levels impact episodic memory in a Peruvian population. Ethnicity also influences visuospatial and general cognitive functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • APOE 4 is a primary genetic risk factor for dementia.
  • Plasma p-tau is a key Alzheimer's disease biomarker.
  • These factors are understudied in Peruvian ethnic minorities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Analyze the relationship between genetic risk (APOE 4) and plasma p-tau217 concentration.
  • Assess the impact on cognitive performance in a multiethnic Peruvian population.
  • Investigate ethnic differences in cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease in Peruvian Populations (GAPP) study.
  • Included 432 healthy controls and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants.
  • Assessed cognition using RUDAS, SRT, Benton test, and Rosen test; performed APOE genotyping and plasma p-tau217 analysis.

Main Results:

  • APOE 4 carriers with higher p-tau217 performed worse on delayed recall (SRT).
  • Ethnicity influenced cognitive performance: indigenous participants scored better on the Rosen test, while mestizo participants performed better on the Benton recognition test and general cognition.
  • No mediation by ethnicity was observed for the APOE/p-tau217 effect on memory.

Conclusions:

  • APOE genotype and p-tau217 concentration modulate episodic memory.
  • Ethnicity influences visuospatial, visuoconstructive, and general cognitive abilities.
  • Findings highlight the interplay of genetic, biological, and ethnic factors in cognition within a diverse population.